Add serialization support #2360

gagandeepkalra · 2021-09-19T09:44:31Z

resolves #587

armanbilge · 2021-09-19T09:54:46Z

tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOPlatformSpecification.scala

+        import SerializationUtil._
+


This is cool! But maybe we can re-use the SerializableTests in cats-kernel-laws? Example: https://github.com/typelevel/cats/blob/e0784fc0d95b9c4eed0bb1ddce6c69e3fd9a4a4f/tests/src/test/scala/cats/tests/FunctionSuite.scala#L46

@armanbilge Can you please point me to the source code of SerializableTests? I was looking for it but I couldn't find it for some reason.

The meat of it is in the law actually.

https://github.com/typelevel/cats/blob/e0784fc0d95b9c4eed0bb1ddce6c69e3fd9a4a4f/kernel-laws/shared/src/main/scala/cats/kernel/laws/SerializableLaws.scala#L26

The test is here:
https://github.com/typelevel/cats/blob/e0784fc0d95b9c4eed0bb1ddce6c69e3fd9a4a4f/kernel-laws/shared/src/main/scala/cats/kernel/laws/discipline/SerializableTests.scala

That's perfect, let's use that. Thank you.

SerializableTests doesn't require Arbitrary, I have used law directly

Good catch!

armanbilge · 2021-09-19T10:00:13Z

tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOPlatformSpecification.scala

+        val ls = List(
+          IO.pure(42),
+          IO.raiseError(TestException(42)),
+          IO.delay(42),
+          IO.realTime,
+          IO.monotonic,
+          IO.executionContext,
+          IO.pure(42).map(_ + 1),
+          IO.pure(42).flatMap(_ => IO.pure(42)),
+          IO.pure(42).attempt,
+          IO.raiseError(new RuntimeException("Err")).handleErrorWith(_ => IO.pure(42)),
+          IO.canceled,
+          IO.pure(42).onCancel(IO.pure(42)),
+          IO.pure(42).uncancelable,
+          IO.pure(42).start,
+          IO.racePair(IO.pure(42), IO.pure(42)),
+          IO.sleep(0.second),
+          IO.trace
+        ).map(_.as(42)).zipWithIndex


Just an idea—I wonder if with some strategic overrides in AsyncGenerators you can use it to generate IO without evalOn.

https://github.com/typelevel/cats-effect/blob/series/3.x/kernel-testkit/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/kernel/testkit/Generators.scala#L282

Here's how this is done.

cats-effect/testkit/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/testkit/TestInstances.scala

Lines 68 to 74 in ca1da1f

override def recursiveGen[B: Arbitrary: Cogen](deeper: GenK[IO]) =

super

.recursiveGen[B](deeper)

.filterNot(

_._1 == "racePair"

) // remove the racePair generator since it reifies nondeterminism, which cannot be law-tested

}

You could also make TestContext extend Serializable

yes that was very nice observation, but I couldn’t see it through.

Stuck because somehow ExecutionContextImpl instance is seeping in

I think it's fine, evalOn was never supposed to be serializable anyway :)

kernel-testkit/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/kernel/testkit/Generators.scala

vasilmkd · 2021-09-19T10:04:00Z

tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOPlatformSpecification.scala

+        import SerializationUtil._
+


@armanbilge Can you please point me to the source code of SerializableTests? I was looking for it but I couldn't find it for some reason.

vasilmkd · 2021-09-19T10:04:36Z

tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/SerializationUtil.scala

+  import java.io._
+  import java.util.Base64
+
+  def serialize(`object`: Serializable): Try[String] = {


Use obj instead of object with backticks please.

deleted this file now

…rialization, switched to Serializable laws

gagandeepkalra · 2021-09-21T17:04:11Z

kernel-testkit/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/kernel/testkit/pure.scala

@@ -361,8 +361,9 @@ object pure {
      ft.mapK(fk)
    }

+  // todo: MVar is not Serializable, release then update here


inclusion of racePairtest leads us here, we'd need to update Mvar with serialization

gagandeepkalra · 2021-09-21T17:06:30Z

Thanks for the detailed review,

after adding the property test for IO, I noticed a lot of trait/abstract classes missing serialization, have enhanced those in this very PR

armanbilge · 2021-09-21T17:17:53Z

testkit/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/testkit/TestInstances.scala

@@ -76,6 +77,22 @@ trait TestInstances extends ParallelFGenerators with OutcomeGenerators with Sync
    Arbitrary(generators.generators[A])
  }

+  def arbitraryIOWithoutContextShift[A: Arbitrary: Cogen]: Arbitrary[IO[A]] = {


Suggested change

def arbitraryIOWithoutContextShift[A: Arbitrary: Cogen]: Arbitrary[IO[A]] = {

def arbitraryIOWithoutEvalOn[A: Arbitrary: Cogen]: Arbitrary[IO[A]] = {

djspiewak · 2021-11-18T03:25:13Z

@gagandeepkalra This is awesome work, but would you mind running sbt prePR and committing the results? Scalafmt is unhappy with you. I tried doing it myself, but since you used the series/3.x branch on your local fork, I wasn't able to push

gagandeepkalra · 2021-11-18T14:31:40Z

@gagandeepkalra This is awesome work, but would you mind running sbt prePR and committing the results? Scalafmt is unhappy with you. I tried doing it myself, but since you used the series/3.x branch on your local fork, I wasn't able to push

Hi @djspiewak, sure thing, let me get to this over the weekend.

Also, what do you think about this- #2360 (comment) Should I go there and make this change, then the support would be complete, of course this PR won't have to wait.

djspiewak · 2021-11-18T22:03:15Z

@gagandeepkalra I guess I'm a bit confused as to why PureConc is affected at all? Shouldn't we exclusively be testing serializability of IO?

gagandeepkalra · 2021-11-22T16:00:26Z

I need some help, for SyncIO the test fails at this seed: "mWUDuysFx0P-r_sHw_GGVwvm-TcqPoLNs8aOV2g8FuD="

yet I'm not able to reproduce the failure locally, would it help to rerun the case (I don't have the permission to re-run)?

armanbilge · 2021-11-22T16:05:05Z

@gagandeepkalra try setting the seed like this:

implicit def parameters = Parameters(seed =
    Seed.fromBase64("mWUDuysFx0P-r_sHw_GGVwvm-TcqPoLNs8aOV2g8FuD=").toOption
  )

gagandeepkalra · 2021-11-23T14:32:40Z

Hi @armanbilge, think I'm making a real silly error somewhere

this is my testcase with your suggestion, the test would not fail wheresoever I put this seed. Please help.

package cats.effect

import cats.kernel.laws.discipline.MonoidTests
import cats.kernel.laws.SerializableLaws.serializable
import cats.laws.discipline.AlignTests
import cats.laws.discipline.arbitrary._
import cats.effect.laws.SyncTests
import cats.syntax.all._
import org.scalacheck.{Arbitrary, Gen, Prop}
import Prop.{Exception, Proof, Result, forAll}
import cats.platform.Platform
import org.scalacheck.rng.Seed
import org.specs2.scalacheck.Parameters
import org.typelevel.discipline.specs2.mutable.Discipline

import scala.util.control.NonFatal

class SyncIOSpec extends BaseSpec with Discipline with SyncIOPlatformSpecification {

  implicit override val defaultParameters: Parameters = Parameters(
    seed = Seed.fromBase64("mWUDuysFx0P-r_sHw_GGVwvm-TcqPoLNs8aOV2g8FuD=").toOption
  )

  "sync io monad" should {
    "serialize" in {
      forAll { (io: SyncIO[Int]) => serializable(io)
      }
    }
  }
}

armanbilge · 2021-11-23T14:38:56Z

I'm sorry! I think you ran into this bug maybe?

setSeed for scalacheck props doesn't replicate results etorreborre/specs2#1025

That's going to make it pretty hard to replicate 😕

djspiewak · 2021-11-23T22:12:16Z

Here's an example of how you can make it work:

  checkAll(
    "Kleisli[PureConc]",
    GenTemporalTests[Kleisli[TimeT[PureConc[Int, *], *], MiniInt, *], Int]
      .temporal[Int, Int, Int](10.millis)
    // we need to bound this a little tighter because these tests take FOREVER
  )(Parameters(minTestsOk = 25))

Add seed = ... to the Parameters (obviously also replacing the checkAll with the appropriate one) and you're good to go!

armanbilge · 2021-11-25T19:08:11Z

@gagandeepkalra we just updated specs2 in #2583 which should have a fix for the seed issue. You can merge the latest series/3.x and try again ... thanks!

vasilmkd · 2021-11-25T19:09:31Z

Actually, I probably need to release discipline-specs2?

armanbilge · 2021-11-25T19:11:04Z

Oh, are we still only getting specs2 transitively in some subprojects? We should really just fix that :)

gagandeepkalra · 2021-11-28T09:52:40Z

okay so I tried skipping specs2 and working directly with Gen to produce a value then call serialize. The test passed, I'm starting to think the seed we get here is not correct.

I added another case for @djspiewak's suggestion, they both generated similar looking value given the seed.

code:

package cats.effect

import cats.kernel.laws.SerializableLaws.serializable
import org.scalacheck.rng.Seed
import org.scalacheck.{Arbitrary, Gen, Prop}
import org.specs2.scalacheck.Parameters
import org.typelevel.discipline.specs2.mutable.Discipline

import scala.util.Try
import scala.util.control.NonFatal

class SyncIOSpec extends BaseSpec with Discipline with SyncIOPlatformSpecification {

  implicit override val defaultParameters: Parameters = Parameters(
    minSize = 10000,
    maxSize = 10000,
    seed = Seed.fromBase64("mWUDuysFx0P-r_sHw_GGVwvm-TcqPoLNs8aOV2g8FuD=").toOption
  )

  "sync io monad" should {

    val arb: Arbitrary[SyncIO[Int]] = implicitly[Arbitrary[SyncIO[Int]]]

    val p: Prop = Prop.forAll(arb.arbitrary)(serializable)(identity, implicitly, implicitly)

    check(p, defaultParameters, defaultFreqMapPretty)

    "test Specific Serialize" in {

      val seed: Try[Seed] = Seed.fromBase64("mWUDuysFx0P-r_sHw_GGVwvm-TcqPoLNs8aOV2g8FuD=")
      val value: SyncIO[Int] = arb.arbitrary.apply(Gen.Parameters.default.withInitialSeed(seed.get), seed.get).get

      verifySerializableOrThrow(value)
      true
    }
  }

  def verifySerializableOrThrow[A](a: A): Unit = {
    import java.io.{ByteArrayInputStream, ByteArrayOutputStream, ObjectInputStream, ObjectOutputStream}

    val baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream()
    val oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos)
    var ois: ObjectInputStream = null // scalastyle:ignore null
    try {
      oos.writeObject(a)
      oos.close()
      val bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray)
      ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais)
      val a2: A = ois.readObject().asInstanceOf[A]
      println("BEFORE:" + a)
      println("AFTER:" + a2)
      ois.close()
    } catch {
      case NonFatal(t) => println(t)
    } finally {
      oos.close()
      if (ois != null) ois.close() // scalastyle:ignore null
    }
  }
}

djspiewak

So I had a go at this locally and repeatedly ran and re-ran the tests for a few hours. Never had a single failure. I think any issues here were resolved incidentally by something else in series/3.x along the way.

vasilmkd · 2022-03-13T18:38:56Z

Love to see accidentally unblocking a big feature.

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T19:47:19Z

Hey! Fun fact: the failures are Scala 3 specific.

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T20:02:15Z

Even more fun fact, it serializes correctly but doesn't deserialize. In other words, this really smells like an Externalizable that wasn't correctly implemented. Casts summoning spell on @smarter

What we know is that hte SyncIO under test is comprised of the following three stages:

SyncIO.FlatMap[Any, Any]
SyncIO.Pure[Any]
SyncIO.Success[A]

The only thing non-trivial in there is really FlatMap, which contains a Function1.

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T20:19:04Z

java.lang.RuntimeException
  | => tat scala.runtime.ModuleSerializationProxy$.scala$runtime$ModuleSerializationProxy$$rethrowRuntime(ModuleSerializationProxy.scala:38)
	at scala.runtime.ModuleSerializationProxy$$anon$1.computeValue(ModuleSerializationProxy.scala:30)
	at scala.runtime.ClassValueCompat$JavaClassValue.computeValue(ClassValueCompat.scala:24)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassValue.getFromHashMap(ClassValue.java:226)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassValue.getFromBackup(ClassValue.java:208)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassValue.get(ClassValue.java:114)
	at scala.runtime.ClassValueCompat.get(ClassValueCompat.scala:33)
	at scala.runtime.ModuleSerializationProxy.readResolve(ModuleSerializationProxy.scala:45)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectStreamClass.invokeReadResolve(ObjectStreamClass.java:1250)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:2096)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1594)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.defaultReadFields(ObjectInputStream.java:2355)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readSerialData(ObjectInputStream.java:2249)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:2087)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1594)
	at java.base/java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:430)
	at cats.effect.SyncIOSpec.liftedTree1$1(SyncIOSpec.scala:247)
	at cats.effect.SyncIOSpec.$init$$$anonfun$159$$anonfun$157$$anonfun$3(SyncIOSpec.scala:252)

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T20:45:31Z

Okay, couple problems here. First, accessing MODULE$ is throwing an exception. This is probably why there's a difference between Scala 3 and Scala 2, since this is where you might get some weird initialization order BS going on. Unfortunately, in order to diagnose this further, we really need to know what class we're hitting. The relevant code:

private[runtime] object ModuleSerializationProxy {
  private val instances = new ClassValueCompat[Object] {
    @nowarn("cat=deprecation") // AccessController is deprecated on JDK 17
    def getModule(cls: Class[_]): Object =
      java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
        (() => cls.getField("MODULE$").get(null)): PrivilegedExceptionAction[Object])
    override protected def computeValue(cls: Class[_]): Object =
      try getModule(cls)
      catch {
        case e: PrivilegedActionException =>
          rethrowRuntime(e.getCause)
      }
  }

Speaking of which, there's a bug here! (note the above is in the Scala stdlib, shared between 2 and 3). The bug becomes more apparent when I show you rethrowRuntime:

  private def rethrowRuntime(e: Throwable): Object = {
    val cause = e.getCause
    cause match {
      case exception: RuntimeException => throw exception
      case _ => throw new RuntimeException(cause)
    }
  }

So… why are we calling getCause on the results of getCause? I'm willing to bet that we should not be.

At any rate, I'm relatively certain this is definitively problems upstream, so I think the right approach here is to make the serialization tests Scala 2 exclusive.

smarter · 2022-03-13T20:53:45Z

Scala 3 should behave like Scala 2 for object serialization (scala/scala#7297 / scala/scala3#5775), but we emit all objects as extends Serializable for convenience and lambdas in objects are emitted as instance methods of the module class, so serializing/deserializing them will trigger the ModuleSerializationProxy codepath unlike Scala 2: https://github.com/lampepfl/dotty/blob/5626f2512d1451bd7d933c26099f82b993e68f04/compiler/src/dotty/tools/backend/jvm/BCodeSkelBuilder.scala#L250-L268

smarter · 2022-03-13T21:23:38Z

So… why are we calling getCause on the results of getCause? I'm willing to bet that we should not be.

Yeah that seems weird, could you open an issue at scala/scala and ping Jason who wrote that code originally? Meanwhile, I think you could redefine ModuleSerializationProxy in your own project to shadow the one coming from scala-library and add a println to figure out what the name of the deserialized class is.

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T22:10:24Z

scala/bug#12553

I'll see about shadowing to see if we can get the actual class.

djspiewak · 2022-03-13T23:28:57Z

Fun fact: you can't really shadow it because it's not on the classpath. So you can't get it to compile.

smarter · 2022-03-13T23:40:10Z

Not sure I get it, I think you can copy-paste ModuleSerializationProxy.scala and ClassValueCompat.scala in your project and it should compile. But it might be easier to just fire up a debugger and break on rethrowRuntime.

djspiewak · 2022-03-14T00:04:48Z

@smarter Here's something cool: if I shadow everything needed to make the shadowing compile (https://gist.github.com/423c26f4ed8147d0e97b03ee3c406d03), the exception disappears and both serialization and deserialization succeed.

smarter · 2022-03-14T00:17:23Z

Huh. Before going deeper into the rabbit hole, can you try using a more recent version of Scala 3? (latest nightly is scalaVersion := "3.2.0-RC1-bin-20220308-29073f1-NIGHTLY")

smarter · 2022-03-14T00:18:14Z

... actually latest nightly is scalaVersion := "3.1.3-RC1-bin-20220311-895598f-NIGHTLY", I forgot we reverted the version bump.

djspiewak · 2022-03-14T01:27:19Z

@smarter Same issue :-(

djspiewak · 2022-03-14T14:17:07Z

I think we'll probably just disable the tests on Scala 3 for the time being. We'll make a ticket to come back and try again once scala/scala#9970 is released as part of a Scala 3 build. I just don't want to keep this PR languishing forever. I really do wish we had a more minimal reproduction though. Any thoughts on whether this would also be worth filing upstream on Dotty?

smarter · 2022-03-14T14:51:07Z

So I tried the copy-paste ModuleSerializationProxy.scala trick myself and was able to get a better exception after removing the extra getCause:

Class scala.runtime.ModuleSerializationProxy$ can not access a member of class cats.effect.SyncIO$RealTime$ with modifiers "public static final" (Reflection.java:102)

And the reason the JVM is unhappy is that SyncIO$RealTime$ is emitted as a private class because it's private in the source unlike scala 2 which iirc always emits all classes (even private inner classes) as public (not even package-private!). So either we need to emit all classes as public too or we need to add a setAccessible in ModuleSerializationProxy.

smarter · 2022-03-14T14:58:16Z

The trouble with using setAccessible is that it will likely stop working when attempting to use the java module system, so we might have no choice but to make every class public.

This aligns our behavior with Scala 2 and fixes the issue encountered in typelevel/cats-effect#2360 (comment). Alternatively, we could change ModuleSerializationProxy upstream to call `setAccessible(true)` on the MODULE$ field, but this wouldn't work if the object in question is inside a Java 9+ module.

smarter · 2022-03-14T15:34:18Z

scala/scala3#14686

djspiewak · 2022-03-14T15:36:42Z

So I tried the copy-paste ModuleSerializationProxy.scala trick myself and was able to get a better exception after removing the extra getCause:

Thank you for doing that! It's absolutely wild that it didn't fail for me when I did that exact series of steps.

And the reason the JVM is unhappy is that SyncIO$RealTime$ is emitted as a private class because it's private in the source unlike scala 2 which iirc always emits all classes (even private inner classes) as public (not even package-private!). So either we need to emit all classes as public too or we need to add a setAccessible in ModuleSerializationProxy.

Ahhhhhhhhh. Okay that makes sense. That definitely seems like something that will end up being a blocker for things involving serialization (coughs Spark), particularly given the fact that lambdas make it very easy to accidentally close over state which would trigger this path.

This aligns our behavior with Scala 2 and fixes the issue encountered in typelevel/cats-effect#2360 (comment). Alternatively, we could change ModuleSerializationProxy upstream to call `setAccessible(true)` on the MODULE$ field, but this wouldn't work if the object in question is inside a Java 9+ module.

Add support for IO, SyncIO serialization

9f75074

armanbilge reviewed Sep 19, 2021

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vasilmkd reviewed Sep 19, 2021

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Addressed review feedback typelevel#1, added property check for IO se…

fad95bd

…rialization, switched to Serializable laws

gagandeepkalra commented Sep 21, 2021

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armanbilge reviewed Sep 21, 2021

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gagandeepkalra added 3 commits November 21, 2021 23:09

Merge branch 'typelevel:series/3.x' into series/3.x

d95b463

fixed formatting

1a1be8f

fixed formatting

f6603be

Merge branch 'series/3.x' into feature/serialization

f735382

djspiewak previously approved these changes Mar 13, 2022

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smarter mentioned this pull request Mar 14, 2022

Emit all classes as public to avoid object deserialization issues scala/scala3#14686

Merged

Moved SyncIO serialization tests to avoid Scala 3

9ab6666

djspiewak dismissed their stale review via 9ab6666 March 17, 2022 04:29

djspiewak approved these changes Mar 17, 2022

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djspiewak merged commit 7b601e6 into typelevel:series/3.x Mar 17, 2022

	override def recursiveGen[B: Arbitrary: Cogen](deeper: GenK[IO]) =
	super
	.recursiveGen[B](deeper)
	.filterNot(
	_._1 == "racePair"
	) // remove the racePair generator since it reifies nondeterminism, which cannot be law-tested
	}

	def arbitraryIOWithoutContextShift[A: Arbitrary: Cogen]: Arbitrary[IO[A]] = {
	def arbitraryIOWithoutEvalOn[A: Arbitrary: Cogen]: Arbitrary[IO[A]] = {

Add serialization support #2360

Add serialization support #2360

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